A Study on Fire Characteristics of Sofa Cover Materials

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Journal of Korean Institute of Fire Science and Engineering 2003;17(2):35-42.
Published online June 30, 2003.

소파커버의 연소특성에 관한 연구

이광흠박영근윤명오현성호김동일

¹서울시립대학교 도시과학대학원 방재공학과²서울시립대학교 도시과학대학원 방재공학과³서울시립대학교 도시과학대학원 방재공학과⁴경민대학 소방과학과⁵(사)한국화재보험협회

A Study on Fire Characteristics of Sofa Cover Materials

요약

본 연구는 다중이용업소에서 사용하고 있는 실내내장재료 중 소파커버의 인조가죽 5종에 대하여 연소시 위험성 요소인 착화성, 난연성, 열방출율, 독성가스를 평가하였다. 연구결과 Artificial Leather 1~5의 착화온도는 $427~437^{circ}C$, 산소지수는 19~20%로 나타났다. 또한$ 25 kWm^2$의 복사열에서 착화시간은 10~16초, 최대열방출율은 kW/$m147~277^2$이었으며, 35 kW/$m^2$의 복사열에서 착화시간은 6~9초, 최대 열방출율은 $176~296 kWm^2$ 및 일산화탄소(CO)는 5,550~6,290 ppm, 이산화탄소($CO_2$)는 18,500~23,400 ppm, 염화수소(HCl)는 110~140 ppm, 시안화수소(HCN)은 13~65 ppm, 질소산화물(NOx)은 145~220 ppm이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

In this study, we tried to evaluate the ignitibility, flammability, heat release rate, and toxicity of five different types of burning artificial leather sofa covers that are widely used in entertainment service industry buildings. As the results of this study, putting the artificial leathers under fire conditions we found out following results auto-ignition temperature was$ 427~437^{circ}C$, limiting oxygen index was 19~20%; at heat flux of $25 kWm^2$, ignition time was 10~16s and peak heat release rate was $147~277 kWm^2$; and at heat flux of$ 35 kWm^2$, ignition time was 6~9s and peak heat release rate was $176~296 kWm^2$. The toxic materials discharged from the burning leathers were 5,550~6,290 ppm of CO, 18,500~23,400 ppm of $CO_2$, 110~140 ppm, of HCl, 13~65 ppm of HCN and 145~220 ppm of NOx.

Key Words: Sofa covet Artificial leather, Combustion characteristics, Auto-Ignition temperature, Heat release rate, Toxicity